Topic of your review paper

Video modeling with children with autism ages 3-5

Problem statements; Significance of the educational problem or issue you are investigating

Video modeling can be used for many different functions, such as toilet training, teaching play, and teaching social interactions. According to research by Tsai and colleagues data was collected on 102 individuals with autism and reported that over 59% had not achieved bladder or bowel control by 3.5 years of age. This is a pressing problem, as it can impact negatively on an individual’s personal hygiene, self-confidence, physical comfort, stigma, independence, social acceptance and caregiver burden of care (Keen, Brannigan, &Cuskelly 2007), Young children with autism often are described as having impairments in play Ungerer&Sigman, 1981; Van Berckelaer-Onnes, 2003). Children with autism have a difficult time communicating with others.  Social interaction is an area of weakness among children with autism (Nikopoulos& Keenan 2007). In fact, research has demonstrated that children with autism appear to interact socially with peers for limited periods of time if any, make and accept fewer initiations, and spend more time playing alone, in comparison to their peers (Koegel,Koegel, Frea, &Fredeen, 2001)

Important research findings. What current research tells about the problem and research question

Children with autism learn best when items are presented in a visual format. The research from one article shows results are consistent with the view that children with autism may be assisted in their learning when information is presented visually (Keen, Brannigan&Cuskelly 2007). Video modeling produced extended sequences of scripted play for these two children who did not have well-developed repertoires of play prior to intervention. The results show that video modeling was an effective procedure for increasing scripted play across three commercially available play sets (Macdonald, Clark, Garrigan, &Vangala 2007).  From one research study on using video modeling to teach complex social sequences the results demonstrated that following this research demand, it would appear that the implementation of such time-efficient video modeling techniques holds great promise in the treatment of children with autism in clinical practice (Nikopoulos, & Kennan 2007).

Your research question

What are the research findings on video modeling for children ages 3-5 with autism?

The purpose of your review paper.

The purpose of my paper is to explore the use of video modeling for children with autism between the ages of 3-5. The articles thus far are about a variety of ways video modeling can be helpful for deficits of children with autism such as toilet training, teaching play, and teaching social interactions.

Search Method (how to identify professional articles?).

I used EBSCO host search using the key word video modeling autism early. This search yielded 40 results. I have looked through each article and narrowed the articles down to my top five. From there I have reviewed the five articles and found a few more articles from the research studies conducted within the five articles.

List the key journal articles that are highly relevant to your research question (in APA format).

Ganz, J., Earles-Vollarth, T., & Cook, K. (2011). Video Modeling A visually based intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder. Teaching Exceptional Children, 43(6), 8-19.

Koegel, L. K., Koegel, R. L., Frea, W. D., &Fredeen, R. M. (2001). Identifying early

intervention target for children with autism in inclusive school settings. Behavior Modification, 25(5), 754–761.

Jarrold, C., Boucher, J., & Smith, P. (1993). Symbolic play in autism: A review. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 23, 281– 307.

Keen, D., Brannigan, K., Cuskelly, M. (2007). Toilet Training for Children with Autism: The effects of Video Modeling. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 19, 291-303.

MacDonald, R., Clark, M., Garrignan, E., &Vangala, M. (2005). Using video modeling to teach pretend play to children. Behavioral Interventions, 20, 225-238.

Nikopoulos, C., & Keenan, M. (2007). Using video modeling to teach complex social sequences to children with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37, 678-693.

Ungerer, J. A., &Sigman, M. (1981). Symbolic play and language comprehension in autistic children. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 20, 318–337.

Van Berckelaer-Onnes, I. A. (2003). Promoting early play 7, 415–423

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