Prevention programs that are essential toward protection and reduction of risk elements that accompany drug and substance abuse. These prevention programs are usually developed through research-based practices which are carried out from a group and individual settings. Distinct research procedures have to be used for the sense of data combination obtained from the various research practices to come up with the best prevention program among adolescents. However, for the essence addressing adolescents on substance abuse effectively research synthesis studies have to be critically analyzed.

Research synthesis steps involve problem formulation whereby the abuse of substances is analyzed among adolescents. These comprise the critical factors for substance abuse and the essential methods of prevention to the applied in the latter (Compton, Boyle, & Wargo, 2015). It is consequently conducting data collection regarding substance abuse, evaluating and reviewing the data collected. After evaluation, there is an essence to analyze and interpret the data so that it can be presented in a well laid out manner for effective prevention of substance abuse program. To ensure that these studies are conducted accordingly, best practices which will provide adequate service delivery have to be incorporated into the program. This include, minimization of the desire for diagnosis, treatment and management the substance abuse, and the act of moderating that different costs in the social and economic aspects of substance abuse.

Evidence-based practices have to be incorporated into the prevention programs so that to enhance positive patient results. These practices entail current actions which enable decision-making about the adolescents who have are to be prevented from substance abuse to be well taken care of. This approach is essential in ensuring that their clinical practice integrates all the relevant aspects of the prevention program (Das, Salam, Arshad, Finkelstein & Bhutta, 2016). Evidence-based practices are essential in ensuring that the program is well applied through its ability to assess the clinical guidelines and any other relevant data required for quality application of the practices.

For the essence of ensuring that evidence-based practices are well applied, there is the urgency to cultivate question properly into the clinical inquiry to effectively formulate the problem and identify the appropriate data collection and analysis. Clinical questions pertaining to substance abuse should also be asked in there PICOT format to allow the conceptual framework used for electronic databases incorporated into the program (Espada et al., 2015). The clinical question is useful in searching for the best evidence which is used in informing the clinical practice of which the issues are applied in PICOT format. This evidence should also be critically appraised to ensure that it is reliable concerning the clinical question asked in PICOT format. The final step of evidence-based practices is the dissemination of outcomes for the patients. Examples of evidence-based practices applied in the prevention program include measuring of blood pressure among the adolescents to identify effects of substance abuse and infection control of the impacts of the drug and substance abuse (Van et al., 2016).

Summative evaluation methods usually apply quantitative measures in its clinical application. To evaluate the achievements of the summative research methods, there have to be quantitative tools for the enhancement of prevention methods for substance abuse among adolescents. Examples of the summative evaluation methods include measuring the impacts of the substance abuse on the person’s health and the associated costs incurred in substance abuse evaluation. This research methods evaluation is key as they provide quantitative results to be used in the programs. However, they do not focus on qualitative outcomes hence questionable.

References

Compton, W. M., Boyle, M., & Wargo, E. (2015). Prescription opioid abuse: problems and responses. Preventive medicine, 80, 5-9.

Das, J. K., Salam, R. A., Arshad, A., Finkelstein, Y., & Bhutta, Z. A. (2016). Interventions for adolescent substance abuse: An overview of systematic reviews. Journal of Adolescent Health, 59(4), S61-S75.

Espada, J. P., Gonzálvez, M. T., Orgilés, M., Lloret, D., & Guillén-Riquelme, A. (2015). Meta-analysis of the effectiveness of school substance abuse prevention programs in Spain. Psicothema, 27(1), 5-12.

Van Ryzin, M. J., Roseth, C. J., Fosco, G. M., Lee, Y. K., & Chen, I. C. (2016). A component-centered meta-analysis of family-based prevention programs for adolescent substance use. Clinical Psychology Review, 45, 72-80.