Introduction

Qualitative and quantitative models are the standard tools used in a research process. However, the motivation of the two tools is distinct and different from each other. For instance, the quantitative model is described as a cause-effect relationship. The model is motivated to search for a standardization measurability and reproducibility. On the other hand, qualitative research is aimed at understanding and interpretation of behaviors, interrelations, and contexts. For instance, qualitative analysis is typical in abnormal psychology where there is extensive use of biographies of creators and leaders with prominent disorders (Dean, 2003).  It is worth noting that, though these models are equally important, they have significant differences that are of great significance to researchers. The paper will discuss the differences and when each of the models is most appropriate.

Quantitative model

This is a form of research model that is mainly concerned with explaining a phenomenon by collecting quantitative data which is analyzed through statistical methods. There has been misconception that quantitative data does not need naturally available data. However, this is not the case since non-quantitative data can transformed into quantitative data through a scientific method.

This model is most suitable for social sciences, and psychology since such analysis requires historical data. The model is said to be more advantageous since it is believed to be more scientific, and objective as compared to the qualitative model (Dean, 2003).  It is even more important as it encourages deductive reasoning thus giving more viable results. Qualitative research has a major strength since it is recognized to be a neutral and easily generalizable.  Nevertheless, it is worth noting that there are challenges in gauging the theoretical construct in social sciences and proxying them with variables that undermine the cause-effect.

Qualitative research

On the other hand, the qualitative model is a form of research that involves an examination, analysis and interpretation of observations with an objective of discovering an underlying issue or a phenomenon.  Unlike in the quantitative analysis, there is no collection of numerical data, and there is no use of mathematical models in the analysis. Qualitative analysis does not consider testing, experimenting and measuring in an attempt to understand a phenomenon. This model has a strong emphasis on methodological research in generating a holistic view.

The qualitative model is commonly used in instances where the key trends or the issue at hand is difficult to capture using simplified indicators. It is also used in situations where quantitative data is hardly available. The primary strength associated with this model is the ability to create knowledge about the new phenomenon and complex interrelations that have not been researched earlier (Dean, 2003).  This model mainly involves collection f primary data and in most cases it proves to be time-consuming. The greatest limitation of the qualitative model is that it lacks validity and reliability. It is also termed as unscientific research model that gives unverified results.

Summary

The distinguishing factors between the two models are based on various levels that include; prerequisites, application domain, and research process just to mention a few.  The objective of the research plays a significant role in determining the type of model to apply. The availability of data and essential information regarding a concept is also important in the choice of model.  Nevertheless, it is important for researchers to understand that the two concepts can yield better if the best mix is established.  Despite these essential differences, both models can be effectively combined into one research design. When comparing quantitative and qualitative research, it is important to strike a balanced use of both, considering the object or phenomenon of research and not relying upon philosophical doctrines.

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