The reliance on profound social inequality and business prosperity of the 189o got shaken by the fall of business systems in the early 1900s. The Democrats started forming new political ideologies based on the prevailing conditions and in attempt to woe their base. The New Deal Democratic coalition started for mobilization of small farmers, industrial workers, the unemployed, and working-class Catholics. They were to view the party as a reformed party with their interests embodied into it. The House and Senator members from greatly industrialized and depressed rural states were the ones that provided the impetus for the need of reforms to make the Federal government in charge of the economy of the nation as well as providing basic standard and best standards of living for the citizens.

The New Deal coalition was responsible for job creation, growth of union movements and establishment of minimum wage system as well as creation of Social Security Systems within the nation. Franklin and the Democrats opposed the ‘economic loyalists’ who were hoarding the country’s wealth. The low incomes people from the North backed the Democrats in their new idea in large numbers. Their main impetus was centrally economic justice issue in the politics of the United States of America. Emphasize on economic justice in the country was the main driver for the support the New Deal received from the voters.

However, the main impediment of the New Deal coalition system was racism. Centrally, the South who were solidly Democrats persisted that the poor whites and the blacks were disenfranchised and they rose to oppose the old elites in the party. Just like all the party regimes in the country, the New Deal Democrats faced a number of challenges and endured to survive even today. The Republicans in the congress and southern democrats were majorly conservative on issues and policies relating to pro-farmers and pro-labor as being posed by the New Deal Democratic coalition.

Q2

The partisan affiliation, and party identification have changed over time. However, Democrats hold a slight number of people affiliated to it as compared to the Republicans. In the recent surveys, 26% of registered voters identify as Republicans, 33% of voters identify as Democrats and 37%  affiliate to the independents. Gender gap have changed in the recent past, 51% to 52% of women lean or identify with the Democratic Party as compared to 44% who are men. Regarding the races within the state there have been continued racial division according to the party line.

There is a long standing and sizeable ethnic and racial differences in affiliation to the parties. Hispanic, Asian and Black voters are majorly Democratic. However, white voters overwhelmingly associate with the Republican Party. The affiliation to parties according to Religion do vary. White evangelical Protestants mostly identify with the Republican Party that is 77% as compared to 18% affiliated to the Democratic Party. The religious affiliation to the political parties is entangled in racial or ethnic alignments. A large percentage of American Muslims support the Democrats due to current ban imposed by the Trump administration. The ideas propagated by the Republicans divide the voters and make them identify with either the Democratic Party or remain independent. The working class in the recent times are majorly leaned towards the Democratic Party. The support Mrs. Clinton got varied in the above scenarios. The race, religious, social affiliations to the Democratic or the Republican Party dictated the votes she got during the election.