Emerging Infectious Diseases such as Ebola and Zika virus are some of the global health issues. Ebola has confirmed 319 incidences and 198 deaths in Congo since its outbreak (BBC News, 2018). About 27,000 individuals got vaccinated for contact with Ebola patients.Zika virus poses a significant threat to Indian residents. Evolution of vectors and pathogens and other infectious agents present a global challenge to contagious diseases. Dengue virus is the deadliest mosquito-borne human pathogen in the last two decades. Currently, the virus has four subtypes. Long-term host immunity is only conferred to one serotype leaving the body susceptible to the others.

Globalisation is a significant factor in infectious diseases. Contagious diseases such as cholera get spread by movement of people. Climate change provides conducive environments for viruses and pathogens to multiply. Urbanisation and deforestation create new opportunities for infections. Poor sanitation, lack of appropriate resources, and increased proximity between animals and humans are also contributing factors.

Early disease detection is vital in curbing the spread of infectious diseases. It creates room for the selection of appropriate control tools such as vaccines and confinements (EPSRC, 2017). Development of multi-action vaccines and therapies is also another strategy. Prediction through the use of new technologies enables identification of molecular pathogens and accurate and frequent monitoring of the disease activities. A better understanding of the agents present in animals creates a clear understanding of the potential threats to human beings.

I learnt that infectious diseases are more common in developing countries. This state is due to the lack of necessary available resources needed to tackle the epidemic. I also learnt that infectious diseases have a global effect. Priority should get given to them due to their devastating effects. As a microbiologist, this knowledge prompts more research on how to eradicate these diseases.

References

BBC News, 2018. Dr Congo Ebola Outbreak Worst in Country’s History. [Online]
Available at: https://www.bbc.com/news/amp/world-africa-46167340
[Accessed 8 Feb 2019].

EPSRC, 2017. The Need for Early Detection of Infectious Diseases. [Online]
Available at: Https://www.i-sense.org.uk/infectious-diseases/need-early-detection-infectious-diseases
[Accessed 8 Feb 2019].

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