Williams points out that one problem which feminism groups face is the lack of identified intragroup differences (Williams 1). However, women do not have much difference, which would lead to tension resulting in weaknesses of the groups. The examples of social challenges, which women of color face as the author describes, are the same black women face. Similar to the women of color, black women also face discrimination against employment, children responsibility and poverty.  The society considers all women as of low class because they do not contribute to the family or the economy (Williams 15). However, the problem is social structures, which do not allow them to exercise their abilities. The women, therefore, become weak and develop the mindset that society is treating them like that because they are white. Women, thus, incorporate the intragroup differences in identity politics, which acts as a barrier to address the general society oppression.

According to the author, Patriarchy and racism against women are differences between races. However, the argument is weak as patriarchy results from lack of women empowerment, which the previous paragraph argues that it is uniform in all races. Immigrant women as an example the author uses will face the same requirements in a country regardless of where their origin. Men will meet minimal challenges because of gender difference and not race (Williams 14).  The idea that women of color do not realize the burden of patriarchy compared the white is strong in explaining why identity politics of feminism may fail (Williams 5). Men of color subject their women to oppression making it a lifestyle. When they form an identity group with white women, the political organization does not address their challenge making the objectives fail.

Williams, Kimberlé Crenshaw. “Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence Against Women of Color”. In: Martha Albertson Fineman, Rixanne Mykitiuk, Eds. The Public Nature of Private Violence. (New York: Routledge, 1994), p. 93-118.

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