This study can be categorized as systematic review study since it is a study that provides the critical and evaluation of researches to address a particular issue. In this case, several experiments are done to address the issue of how foreign language helps on making decisions.  The study tries to prove that foreign language plays a significant role in reducing biases.  The study uses two significant variables which are the dependent and independent variables. The language is the independent variable, and the decision making is the dependent variable since it depends on the language used by the participants.  The method that was applied in this study is the general method which is also considered as the simplest experimental method.  The general approach in this study involves six experiments that are used to collect the data required to prove the hypothesis of the effects of the foreign language on decision making.  In this risk frame experiments, the participants were supposed to choose the right medicine that was supposed to save the lives of the patients suffering from a disease called “Asian Disease.”

The first three experiments were the framing risk in which the first experiment involved one hundred and twenty-one participants, students from various universities whose native language was English and their foreign language was Japanese.  These were given a task that was supposed to be performed in English or Japanese. In the second experiment, one hundred and forty-four participants from Chung National University participated. In the analysis, they were expected to perform a task in the Korean language which was the native language and or English, which was the foreign language.  In the third experiment, one hundred and three students were involved, and they were given a task to perform in French or English.  The results of the first three experiments showed that foreign language has a dramatic effect and it results in making decisions with minimized bias. The gain frames of the research were more than the losses, and these gains were motivated by foreign language hence showing that choices are favored by the existence of foreign language than the native language.

The fourth experiment is an experiment that involved eighty-four students from Chicago    University, and it was an alternative experiment in which the participants chose randomly between the sure option s and the risky. This was a study control experiment that shows the impacts of the elimination of bias in decision making.  In this experiment, the participants were English native speakers, and their foreign language was Spanish. The results of the control study experiment proved that foreign language plays a significant role in eliminating the framing effect when making the decisions.  Also, the results from the experiments demonstrate that the impact of the foreign language on decision making does not depend on the foreign tongue or native language. Also, through the trials, it is demonstrated that the effect of foreign language occurs across various contexts.

Loss aversion was the fifth experiment in the general method that was considered in this study. The research involved attractiveness of bets based on the loss and gains. Loss aversion is the criteria that proved how participants accepted the chances based on the native and the foreign language.  The language that is used to present the bet determines the number of participants to take the bet. In the experiment, one hundred and forty-six participants were involved, and they were Korean speakers, students from Chung Nam National University.  The bets were made to appear on the computer and the choices indicated with icons in a different language as “accept the bet” and “reject the bet.”  The participants were supposed to make the choices in louder voices. The results of the experiment proved that the bets were high in numbers on the foreign language which was English than on the native language which is Korean.  The participants were less loss averse in the foreign language than in the native language.  The experiment of loss aversion shows that loss aversion is reduced by foreign language and hence the experiment proves that foreign language significantly affects decision making. In this situation, the decision about the bets made by participants is determined by the language used, and in this case, it is proven that foreign language identified the decisions.

The sixth experiment that was used to prove the effects of foreign on decision making is the Myopic Loss Aversion and consequential Investment behavior. In this experiment, the procedure is the same as the one in the loss aversion experiment but has a difference in that in this case some cash is given to the participants. They place bets with an expectation of gaining money since once a person wins gains some more cash. The experiment involved fifty-four students from the University of Chicago whose native language was English and foreign language was Spanish.  It was observed that the participants were willing to take bets in Spanish than in English since they expected to gain in the end. This experiment also proved that the foreign language has a high influence on the choices made by individuals. The results of the tests provide data that support the fact that the foreign language reduces biased decisions of the individuals although the decisions may have implications to the individuals. For instance, the choice of medicine can have negative consequences to society if the foreign language influences it.

Critique of the Study

Validity and Reliability of the Study

The study can be considered to be appropriate depending on the reliability and the validity to the researchers and proving the hypothesis.  The study has used participants who undergo through the research and data is collected to confirm the theory.  The experiments have used variables that can prove that the decisions made are influenced by the foreign or the native language of the community involved in the study.  The study presented is valid since the design and the methods used to carry out the study are valid and can be used to prove the hypothesis in question.  Therefore the research is credible and can be relied on by researchers in their work.   Proper data is used to interpret the choices that are made by the participants and hence proving the hypothesis of the study which are the effects of foreign language on decision making.

However, at some point, the validity of the study cannot be verified since in one of the experiments some cash was given to the participants, and the results may be affected by the money used to make the decisions.  Also, the participants used had the native language and used a particular foreign language. Some of the participants may make decisions based on the native language that they come from due to bias, and it is not clear why a person considers making decisions based on foreign language and not the native language.

Ethical Considerations

Based on the ethical considerations, this study has some defaults on the way it was conducted. Ethics in the survey is based on the consent of the participants without using the money. In the sixth experiment of the Myopic Loss Aversion and consequential Investment behavior, the behavior of the participants is influenced by the money they were given to place the bets.  Some of the participants make decisions of the bets because of the monetary gain, and use of funds to influence the decisions of the individuals is unethical. Ethical considerations are critical when conducting a study, and since ethical issues are raised by the way it is performed, the validity and reliability of the survey is affected. In case of payments to the participants, it should be debated to decide on the right manner to do it to avoid biased decisions because of the cash that is used and to ensure that the study is valid to be used in the scientific field.

Follow-up Studies

Follow-up studies are the studies that are conducted after the research to ensure that the results of the survey are useful.  Also, the follow- up studies provides that the work that was done during the study was according to the protocols of the scientific researches.  It is a procedure that is used to enhance the design of the study and hence improving the validity and the reliability of the survey which can be used for future reference.  In this research, there are no records of follow-up studies to make the results useful to be used in the scientific field.  There should be considerations of the use of follow-up studies so that the date and the findings of the study can be verified. Based on this reason, the research can be explained to have some issues that affect the validity and reliability of the study for scientists.

Implications of the Findings

The primary role of the foreign language is to shape decision making that reduces bias in the community.  The findings from the study prove that the implications of the foreign language include risk and losses, reduces framing and also an aversion to the ambiguity in life situations. However, the findings of the study have other implications which include reduction of fallacy illusion of causality and magical thinking.  Through foreign language, one can think about the reality of life and not on fallacy and magical thinking.  Based on these findings, it is clear that the implications of foreign language in shaping emotion has a positive impact and improves the lives of the individuals making them responsible citizens in the country because of controlled feelings.

Conclusion

The article highlighted the main points that were the reason for the study.  The report highlights the hypothesis of the study, and the theory was the effect of foreign language on decision making by shaping the emotions of the individuals.  Also, the article has discussed in details the methods that were used were detailed involving the procedures used to carry out the study.  The articles also show the data that is used to prove the hypothesis stated in the research. The article on the effects of foreign language on decision making discusses in details the subjects used to conduct the study. The subjects in this scenario are the participants who were used in the study, and they include students from the University.

Also, after the conduction of the study, there are conclusions to prove the hypothesis of the author.  In this case, the conclusions drawn by the author were that foreign language plays a significant role in determining the decisions made by the individual, and in risk and losses.  The article highlights these conclusions and proves the reasons for the study in shaping emotions and decision making of the individuals.

 
Do you need high quality Custom Essay Writing Services?