Homicide is when a person deliberately inflicts unlawful death on another person. This does not include deaths caused in cases of civil wars, interstate wars, and genocides. When looking at homicides, the killings involve all groups including children, adults, men, women, and people of all races. The fact that homicide involves all these groups regardless of the race, age, and gender explain the disparities that come with these incidences when they occur. Though the rate of homicide has been dramatically falling in the United States, some states such as Georgia still experience the menace. With specific reference to Chatham County in Georgia, the incidences of homicides explain the gap in life expectancy among different groups.

In Chatham County, disparities have been reported regarding the occurrence of the incidences of homicides. Race difference has played a significant role in defining the incidences of homicide in this county with the disparities occurring between black and white rates. Whenever cases of homicide occur, the African American and other non-white groups are the most involved groups. Most of these killings involving the blacks occur due to preemptive motive where people want to kill to avoid being killed. It is this motive that explains the disparity portrayed in incidences of homicides where study indicates the blacks have more chances of being killed as them killing someone else. In 2016, there were 34 deaths in 100,000 of blacks that were associated with homicides in Chatham. The death rate for young African American people is fifteen times higher as compared to the whites, and the same rate is reported on murder victimization rates in Chatham County.

Disparities in homicides in Chatham Country have been reported regarding gender differences where most men have been victims than women. The high cases of killings reported among men in this country reflect the same trend as it occurs nationally. The annual number of men who die as a result of homicide is thrice more than the cases reported for women. For instance, in 2016, Chatham had 29 men out of every 100,000 people who died from deliberate killings, unlike women who recorded a 0 (zero) rate within the same population. Regarding age, young people seem the most affected age level of those people who experience homicide incidences. Chatham County has been reporting a yearly increase in the number of young people who encounter murder and those caught up in suicide cases. Using the latest statistics of 2016, it is evident that Chatham County reported over 35 deaths of young people a number which is far higher than the deaths reported for the adults. The information is all indicative that homicide follows a pattern of disparity whenever it occurs in Chatham County.

Besides Chatham County, there are other counties with its Public Health District such as Glynn, Liberty, and Evans whose level of disparities in homicide can be compared to understand the actual rate. However, these three counties have been recording very low levels of homicide disparities with zero ratings among the 100, 000 in the latest years. For instance, in 2016, the statistics indicating the disparities in these Glynn, Evans, and Liberty indicated that there were no deaths of black Americans recorded or any other race recorded. This was similar about gender where no cases of male deaths or female deaths and the same trend showed on the part of the young people. In Liberty and Evans Counties, the pattern was similar, no black American or male deaths were reported in both counties. The results indicate that, unlike Chatham, the three counties; Glynn, Liberty, and Evans have no substantial evidence showing disparities in homicide incidences.

Levels         2008    2009    2010    2011    2012    2013    2014    2015    2016    2017

County    Rank    2    2    3    3    2    1    3    2    4    2

Percentage

Black

White

Male

Female

53.7

24.3

73.8

19.8

53.9

23.5

74.4

19.1

54.5

23.0

74.9

18.4

56.2

22.3

75.3

18.0

57.2

21.3

75.9

17.4

58.4

20.1

76.5

17.0

59.5

19.3

77.1

16.6

60.3

18,2

77.9

16.0

61.5

17.3

78.8

15.3

62.4

16.2

79.4

14.4

State    Rank    5    5    7    6    7    5    6    7    5    6

Percentage

Black

White

Male

Female

67.6

32.4

77.3

22.6

68.3

31.9

77.6

22.2

69.2

30.1

77.9

22.0

70.1

29.1

78.3

21.8

71.9

28.6

78.8

21.2

72.2

27.7

79.1

20.9

73.6

25.9

79.6

20.6

74.7

25.3

79.9

20.1

76.3

24.4

80.1

19.9

76.10

23.90

80.50

19.50

National    Rank    9    11    12    14    12    9    10    13    12    9

Percentage

Black

White

Male

Female

70.6

40.4

79.9

25.6

71.3

39.2

80.7

24.6

72.2

37.1

81.6

23.8

73.2

36.5

82.4

22.8

74.2

35.3

83.1

22.1

75.2

34.2

84.4

21.8

76.2

33.4

85.4

21.3

77.2

32.3

86.7

20.7

78.2

31.1

87.9

20.2

79.1

30.3

88.6

19.8

Comparing disparities in homicide between Chatham and the state and national level, it is evident that the level of disparities in homicide is high despite the showing similar trend at all levels. At all the levels, the black Americans were the most affected groups reporting many deaths caused by homicide from 2008 to 2017. Similarly, males exhibit a high level of homicide deaths as compared to women in all the levels from local, state, and national level. However, Chatham seems to be significantly contributing to disparities in Georgia since it maintains the top position. Generally, considering the state and national data, it is evident that disparities exist in the mortality rates for major health outcomes. There are many cases of the deaths occurring among blacks, males, and among young people when compared to other groups of people.

 

 

 

Homicide disparities have undesirable implications if left unchecked especially to the groups that are most affected by the many deaths. Since most cases of homicides occur among urban neighborhoods with low income, young adults, blacks, and men, these groups are likely to have high instances of mortality as mortality rates are highly experienced among these groups, their life expectancies lower as compared to other groups that are not affected by the homicide incidences. Bearing in mind that Chatham has the highest levels of homicides with its Public Health District, there are high chances that the general life expectancy in Chatham County will be at its lowest in the county. As the disparities in homicide continue to expand in Chatham, the cases of unjust sentencing of those convicted of committing homicide to continue to range the air in Chatham. For instance, it will be well known that young adults in Chatham most of them engage in youth violence thus are the most likely groups to cause homicide. As this gets into the public, any case of homicide will be taken against young adults or black Africans and subject them to conviction even without their participation in homicide. There will be also some stereotypes, fear, and inferiority among groups of certain races who are branded as most responsible for homicides. The branding of blacks as killers and unworthy groups will reduce their level of production hence economically affect the performance of the county. Some races of people who may be productive will stay away from Chatham for fear of being victims of homicide.

Public health professionals have the duty to ensure that there is a better understanding of the existence of these disparities and help identify areas that should be researched to help understand the causes of homicide disparities. Public health professionals need to find out the accurate statistics concerning the cases of homicides in Chatham and do an analysis of the results. The review intends to define any possibility of some groups whether races, gender, or age brackets are the main victims. Health professionals trying to answer the questions of who are the most frequent victims of homicide will help to address as to whether disparities exist or not. Public health professionals may try to answer the question as to how the deaths occurred and the causes of the deaths perceived to be homicides. In the process, professionals will be able to establish the cause of death concerning the circumstance surrounding such deaths to determine whether the death was caused by a criminal attack or any other incidence.

Thus, conclusively, it is evident that Chatham has the highest gap in life expectancy among different groups of young adults, male, blacks, and people of low-income earnings. This then indicates that Chatham is among the counties in Georgia that has the highest rate of disparities in homicide. As per the latest statistics, black Americans are the most affected group who are like to take part in killings including killing and being killed. The blacks have six more chances of killing someone and being killed as well. Similarly, deaths of male groups in Chatham have been more in recent than the women as the same applies to young adults who suffer homicide for being violent. However, in comparison to other counties within the same Public Health District, like Glynn, Evans, and Liberty, it is evident that Chatham has the highest disparity rate compared to these three which have almost zero. The same applies to state and national levels whether Chatham still records more deaths. Public health professionals can inquire into these incidences and give solutions to this health problem.

 

 

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