The author believes that different and flexible moral codes in a society which adjust to varying human conditions are necessary. A balance between these moral theories can be achieved through special considerations for specific rules to maintain society’s ethics.  Utilitarianism is an ethical theory which entails any objectively right conduct that produces the most significant amount of happiness universally at one’s expense.

The author believes that Utilitarianism and Egoism share similar concepts that require individuals to question their happiness at the expense of Morality of Common Sense.Moreover, there is an essential relationship between Utilitarianism and the Morality of Common Sense since both theories are directly or indirectly tied to virtues. Utilitarians also unconsciously exhibit Common Sense since they are expected to naturally transition between these two concepts since the definition of morality continually changes.

Besides, Egoism has flaws that Utilitarianism solves when individuals apply the principle of Utility to common rules in morality. Both schools of thought also agree that all right actions are beneficial to individuals and society at large in terms of happiness. However, the distribution of beneficence sets these theories apart since Egoism endorses actions centered on self-happiness. The author’s opinions on Utilitarianism are in line with Jeremy Bentham’s, a reknown Utilitarian philosopher, propositions on the issue.

In as much as the author is pro-Utilitarianism, he fails to highlight the moral quality of the pleasure derived from actions regardless of their ethical bases.  He mentions that a Utilitarian prioritizes happiness but he leaves out the costs may one incur to achieve it. The author may argue that the use of other morality codes in such tricky situations takes care of this shortfall. Understanding the relationship between these morality theories is perhaps the best way to strike the balance mentioned above in human interactions.

 
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