Fake news is the intentional circulation of hoaxes and misinformation by the use of the media. Fake news did not spread widely, not after the invention of the printing press. When there are very unreliable sources, it is complicated to tell the difference between legitimate and fake news, if the source of news cannot be counterchecked with ease. The most notorious spreaders of fake news are people who have an interest in the fake news, either trying to defame another person or instilling an absolute belief in the people. An example of fake news is when Benjamin Franklin lied about the atrocities that the British people were committing. He intended to charge as many people as possible to join the revolution.

From the book, Writing, 2^nd edition by Joseph Harris, we find out that fake news spread using forwarding. When one receives some news, and they want to use them to convince someone to believe a point they are trying to illustrate, they forward the email or the text without looking to find its legitimacy. The fake news is sent either in an attempt to demonstrate something to a third party. Sometimes, when we want to invoke the competence of another writer, we may deliver fake news to authorize.

Sometimes, we draw ideas about something from a text to use it in convincing someone about something. That is forwarding by borrowing. The best illustration is in the video, Making of Mary Poppins where the entertainer in a single band had his family disoriented because of fake news that has spread about him. He found out that the news is borrowed by people of ill will to defame him. Other news is forwarded through the extension of the news. One extends the news after they acknowledge the news and write more concerning the same news, sometimes even adding to what the news was.