Response 1

John is pursuing philosophy and the problem at hand can only be solved through philosophical inquiry, and therefore, he should see some value in the question they are addressing he should develop interest in the topic and ensure that he find answers (Ryan 166). One imperative of intellectual excellence is having an interest in what is valuable to oneself thus he does not show intellectual excellence because he does not see the relevance of the argument

Response to 3

After the reading the text, Alex should not have concluded that because he doesn’t believe in what the author believes in then his friends also do notbelieve in it, because nothing informs his decision.He does not portray intellectual excellence because his claim is not supported (Ryan 167). He should have inquired to find out whether his friends believe in the same thing or not. Just because they are friends it doesn’t mean that they believe in the same things, an individual with intellectual excellence usually try to support their claims with evidence

Response to 5

Erick believes it’s relevant to engage in different arguments about the existence of God, people who are intellectually excellent have an interest in what is of value to them (Ryan 167). Therefore,  his decision not to engage in such arguments proofs his disregard for things which are not intrinsically valuable.

Exercise 4.2

Response to 2

The psychologists identified some relevant information that conflicts what most people believe. Staying away from making such information be known to others is lack of self-sacrifice, and therefore,it does not agree with the virtue of intellectual excellence which postulates that love requires some sacrifice (Ryan 169).As such, he should have done all it takes to ensure that other people learn about the information he had found out. This is because persons with love intellectual excellence are ready to sacrifice for intellectual goods by standing for what they believe is true

Exercise 4.2

Response 1

The professor has explained a concept, and it’s upon Susan to ensure that she understands the concept taught, and be ready to ask for questions without the fear of what others think or might say. Susan lacks intellectual courage because she fears the action of other students

Response 3

Kayla is determined to learn how to use the software, and he goes ahead sacrificing his time to ensure that he learns the software and risk to make mistakes. This portrays intellectual caution in all because he approaches the issue without recklessness (Ryan 182).he could have chosen others things to do during that time but considers signing for evening classes than doing other things during that time

Response to 7

Samantha demonstrates intellectual caution. Despite being denied the chance to a position she has qualified. She does not push ahead but accepts the decision of the committee yet their decision was biased

Exercise 4.3

Response to 1

Eleanor demonstrates introspective vigilance because she engages in finding out why there is atendency of some people not accepting the views of others in certain demographics. She wants her believes by finding out why that happens. Her own inquiries are different, and as such, she engages in ways she can justify her believes. Ensuring justification of what one accepts as true is introspective vigilance (Ryan 170).She examines her own belief in order to establish a reason that informs the decision to share that information with other people

Response to 2

Elliot tries to find proof for what he has believed in since he was sixteen. He engages in the investigation to find out whether that is true. This is a true indication of love for intellectual intelligence because he decides to support beliefs shared by his community (Ryan 170). This will facilitate getting more information which he can with people who believe in the same thing

Response to 8

Matt does not demonstrate because he believes in a claim which is not justified. Requires that we believe in what is justifiable and we struggle to find proof for what we believe. Matt does not display introspective vigilance. Although he concludes that everybody is biased, there is no proof for the claims. He is not willing to support his claims

Work cited

Byerly, T. Ryan. Introducing Logic and Critical Thinking. Baker Academic, 2007, pp. 166-183.

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