J’s resolution to avoid table salt is essential to control high blood pressure but dangerous at the same time because the decision means that the supply of iodine to the body will reduce. Sodium in the salt is one of the primary cause of high blood pressure and therefore it is important for J to stop the intake. However, the body needs iodine where the table salt is the leading supplier to the body. Failure to take common salt, therefore, means that the body will have an iodine deficiency. Table salt contains small but enough amount of iodine necessary for the body to produce triiodothyronine (T₃) and thyroxine (T₄) hormones in the thyroid. When the body fails to produce those thyroid hormones, a person develops iodine deficiency disorders (IDD). Hypothyroidism in J is therefore likely to increase in intensity leading to the development of other diseases. J is exposed to the risks of depression, goiter, heart failure, and depression because of the inability to take in iodine to control hypothyroidism. The body will strain to synthesize thyroid hormones in other ways without using iodine resulting in heightened complications.

Failure to take in iodine will strain the pituitary gland to produces more thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) which will make the thyroid to make hormone. The extra work done by thyroid may make it enlarge and form a goiter. Also, TSH directly heightens the level of cholesterol in the body leading to heart failure. Failure to have enough thyroid hormones makes the body unable to break down and get lead of LDL cholesterol, which may also lead to heart failure. Lack of iodine in the body, therefore, will heighten J’s level of hypothyroidism and serum cholesterol. An alternative source of iodine J can take seafood. Most of the seafood has high levels of iodine because of the supply which comes from the water sediments. They include fish, shrimp, and seaweed. Daily and grain products like cheese, milk, cereals, and bread are also sources of iodine. People can use vegetables and fruits although they need to find out whether the soil and fertilizer applied was reach in iodine.

Minerals Missing from J’s Standard American Diet

One of the minerals missing from J’s diet is selenium. Selenium is found in whole grain, beef, walnuts, fish, and chicken.  Lack of selenium can heighten hypothyroidism. Selenium is essential in converting thyroxine (T4), a thyroid hormone into hypothyroidism, which is more active. J, therefore, risks increasing symptoms of hypothyroidism because the small amount of T4 produced will not be active enough. There is also the risk of developing Keshan disease, which affects the heart as well as Kashin-Beck disease which results in pain, and swelling of joints. J is likely to have mental loss once it is not present in food because selenium decreases with age.

Potassium is also missing in J’s diet. The mineral is found in milk mostly yogurt, sweet potatoes, tuna fish, pumpkins and cereals. One of the impacts of low potassium level in the body is high blood pressure. J, therefore, risks having heightened blood pressure than it is now. Potassium helps to control the amount of sodium in the body. Presence of much potassium in the body forces sodium out through the urine. Also, potassium controls high blood pressure by reducing pressure on the blood vessels.  There is a risk of weakness, muscle pain, and fatigue because of a low level of potassium in the blood. Potassium regulates muscle contraction, and therefore deficiency will lead to weak contractions. The condition will hinder J from carrying out the planned activities, and therefore cholesterol will remain high.

The standard American diet also lacks zinc meaning that J is likely to have a zinc deficiency. Sources of zinc include red and white meat, legumes like chickpeas, seeds like those of hemp and pumpkin, nuts, dairy products, and cereals. Zinc deficiency in the body causes hypertension. J is therefore likely to experience heightened hypertension. Low zinc increases body uptake of salts especially sodium and decreases its discharge through urine. The effect of accumulated sodium is high blood pressure as well as increasing LDL, which may lead to heart failure. Zinc, like iodine, is necessary for thyroid hormone synthesis. J is therefore likely to have heightened levels of hypothyroidism and other related disorders like a goiter. There is also the risk of low immunity because zinc is essential in the development of cells which mediate immunity.

There is a lack of vitamin B in J’s food. The primary sources of the mineral include eggs, legumes, seeds, and whole grain, which J is not taking. Lack of the mineral is leading to the low formation of thyroid hormones. The mineral is among others like iodine and zinc, which lead to the creation of T4 and T3. Vitamin B helps in fighting autoimmune and inflammations, which are the major causes of hypothyroidism.  The condition in J may, therefore, be because of the lack of vitamin B in the body due to its unavailability in the diet. Also, failure to have the vitamin is leading to increased serum cholesterol in J. Vitamin B helps to reduce the unwanted LDL and increase the good HDL. The serum cholesterol in J may, therefore, result from the lack of taking the mineral. Some vitamins like B2 also help to lower blood pressure.

Dietary versus Supplement Calcium

Milk interferes with the absorption of thyroid hormone replacement like levothyroxine. J, therefore, should not take much milk to allow incorporation of the thyroid replacement hormone. Also, proteins found in milk causes thyroid gland inflammation, which may prevent healing. Calcium supplements reduce the effects of the drugs that lower blood pressure and in turn increase the level. J’ should therefore not take the supplements to keep the blood pressure at a controlled level. Calcium itself in the supplement does not increase high blood pressure, but some components in certain supplements like thiazide diuretics inhibit the action of drugs used to control hypertension. Taking the supplements and thiazide diuretic together leads to the milk-alkali syndrome where the body acidic level reduces than usual. The condition raises the amount of calcium in the blood above the average leading to increased blood pressure, kidney failure and heart attack. Also, calcium supplements disrupt the diuretics action in helping kidneys to lose excess water thereby making the drugs ineffective.

Calcium supplements also increase the risk of kidney stones. The body does not utilize calcium that comes from the supplements better compared to the one, which comes from food. The direct calcium is absorbed in the blood to the kidney to form stones due to too much accumulation. Other effects of calcium supplements include blotting and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Some of the food that can increase dietary calcium includes green vegetables like spinach and broccoli, fresh fish, nuts and sesame seeds. One should also ensure the intake of vitamin D through the sun to increase calcium absorption, which will reduce the formation of kidney stones.

The concern of Fluoridated water

Unavailability of fluoridated water to Janis is not a concern rather a benefit. The mineral increases the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone, which in turn forces the thyroid to produce more hormones. Increased activity of the thyroid leads to goiter. Also, fluoride inactivates the thyroid gland leading to hypothyroidism. Lack of fluoridated water is, therefore, a benefit to J because it is preventing the development of other complex thyroid-related disorders like a goiter. Fluoride in water inhibits the absorption of iodine in the body leading to deficiency. J should therefore not be concerned about the lack of fluoride in water because its presence would lead to delayed recovery and heightened hypothyroidism. Unavailability of fluoride in water is preventing J from brain damage, which may result from iodine deficiency. Fluoride also causes high blood pressure, fatigue and weight gain which J is free from by lack of fluoride intake. The mineral creates high blood pressure by generating reactive oxygen and activating cardiac expressions. Also, it lowers the contractile heart function thereby reducing the heart rate. Fluoride availability in water would, therefore, lead to heightened blood pressure in J rather than healing.

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