Research has revealed surprising figures that close to two hundred million children across the world fail to attain their potential cognitive development. This is the case because various biological and environmental factors affect child development. Among the biological factors that affect Portia’s cognitive development include gender, nutrition, and genetics while environmental factors include family and bonding, physical environment, and education.

Biological factors such as nutrition, gender, and genetics will affect the cognitive development of Portia. Proper nutrition influences how the child grows in overall depending on the diet of the mother before the child is born. For instance, the intake of folic acid a few months giving birth reduces the defects associated with the brain of the child. Gender affects Portia since she is a girl, and so has X chromosomes that will influence her fast brain development and her quick learning. Portia as well may have some genes dominating over others that may affect her brain growth and behavior. Environmental factors including family and bonding have a lot of influence on Portia since she lives in a family with three people, mother, aunt, and grandmother. The absence of her father and in most cases her mother may negatively impact her cognitive development. Her lack of opportunity to play outside and join others may slow down the level of brain growth. She also spends a few days and hours on her education and this may further slowdown her brain development. The environmental factors including family bonding, physical environment, and education are the most profound factors. The relationship between the child and the parents plays a significant role in the mental development in that a child gains confidence when the connection is stable. Similarly, the ability of the child to play and learn will impact how the brain develops. However, Portia lacks all these environmental factors.

Portia could get support from her mother who can secure enough time over weekends to spend with the child to strengthen the relationship between them. The teacher could help the family and have Portia spend all the five days of the week at school over long hours since she enjoys being around the teacher.

Therefore, in conclusion, cognitive development is determined by biological factors such as nutrition of the child before birth and even after birth. Others include gender and genetics that involves control of hormones and genes that are dominant. Portia development is mostly affected by environmental effects such as family bonding between her and her parents, aunt, and grandmother and lack of time to play outside thus slowing her cognitive development.

 
Do you need high quality Custom Essay Writing Services?