Bhandari, M. P (2018). The Role of International Organization in Addressing the Climate Change Issues and Creation of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Advances in Agriculture and Environmental Science: Open Access.

In this publication, the author Bhandari utilizes his potential as a professor at Akamai University, Hawaii, USA to highlight international organizations actively involved in addressing climate change. The document is accessible to readers openly. The research looks at the progress of foreign bodies in various countries. Some of the global key players in fostering climate change measures include the World Health Organization, WMO, United Nations Environmental Program, UNDP and UNFCC. Bhandari note, “There have been very positive impacts of the United States’ environment management system on the rest of the world.”

Condon, B. J., and Sinha, T. (2013). The role of climate change in global economic governance. Oxford University Press.

The authors, researches at the role played by international economic law to address climate change. The research findings are accessible and reader-friendly. Their analysis focus on what should be done from a legal perspective to enable middle- income countries overcome constraints in the combat of climate change and address their trading partners’ environmental concerns. The authors argue that national and international climate change measure adopt varying adaptation and mitigation strategies to mitigate the changes. Nevertheless, some climate change is unpreventable. Besides, the financial and technological capability of countries varies considerably. “These differences between countries are part of the reason for incorporating the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities into the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),” state the authors.

Knur, F. (2014). The United Nations Human Rights-Based Approach to Climate Change – Introducing a Human Dimension to International Climate Law. In Von Schorlemer S. & Maus S. (Eds.), Climate Change as a Threat to Peace: Impacts on Cultural Heritage and Cultural Diversity (pp. 37-60). Frankfurt is Main: Peter Lang AG. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv2t4cvp.7

In this publication, the authors research and explore the need to initiate a more meaningful human rights-based approach to climate change. This can be achieved through specific international laws. Focusing on the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate change (UNFCCC), the author points to the view that climate change has adverse effects on humankind. All human beings are entitled to the rights and freedoms provided for in the international legal framework of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Therefore, climate change policies should recognize the fundamental rights of every individual. The entitlement, as the author observes, “Have potential implication for the full range of human rights.”

Gloppen, S., and Clair, A. (2013). Climate Change Lawfare. In Ruppel O., Roschmann C., & Ruppel-Schlichting K. (Eds.), Climate Change: International Law and Global Governance: Volume II: Policy, Diplomacy and Governance in a Changing Environment (pp. 171-200). Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv941vsk.10.

The authors, researches at how the unprecedented climate change translate to legal conflicts. The authors highlight climate change treatise in legal matters. Struggles over climate justice and sustainability constitute the central argument the authors put forth. There are governance problems in addressing climate change across the world, despite the likelihood of climate change happening. International laws, therefore, apply in the strategies that use available frameworks to regulate conflict, as well as improve climate change governance. The author state, “Climate change has impacted both human and natural systems, and will continue to do so substantially in the next few decades.” The challenge calls for legal frameworks to avoid future conflicts.

Tänzler, Dennis, and Alexander Carius. “Beyond International Climate Negotiations: Climate Diplomacy from a Foreign Policy Perspective.” Climate Change: International Law and Global Governance: Volume II: Policy, Diplomacy, and Governance in a Changing Environment, edited by Oliver C. Ruppel et al., 1st ed., Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft MbH, Baden-Baden, 2013, pp. 259–274. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv941vsk.14.

In this publication, the authors argue their points that shifts in climate zones, flooding, extreme temperatures and weather hazardous will intensify, and have severe impacts on economic and social aspects of life. Fragile states are likely to be affected the most; thus, the need to apply a new profile of climate diplomacy in addressing the concerns. The authors further observe that urgent action is required to complement the international climate agreements. The authors suggest foreign policy engagement in addressing some of the climate change issues, where domestic policies fail. The authors state, “The attention is on moving from risk analysis to preventative action and how to integrated climate change concerns into development, foreign, and security policies.”

Kameri-Mbote, P. (2013). Climate Change and Gender Justice: International Policy and Legal Responses. In Ruppel O., Roschmann C., & Ruppel-Schlichting K. (Eds.), Climate Change: International Law and Global Governance: Volume I: Legal Responses and Global Responsibility (pp. 323-348). Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv941w8s.16

The author, researches at the impacts of climate change on gender concerns, and the commitments by the international communities to addressing the challenges. Because climate change results in issues of legality, foreign policies focus on equity aspects, taking into account the different responsibilities of men and women in climate change. The climate change- based conflict according to the IPCC report has overwhelmed women’s rights since the poor majority lack skills to engage in climate change debates. The author state, “Global environmental change jeopardize environmentally based livelihood strategies.”