Brief Introduction to Climate Changes

The section will offer a highlight of the anthropogenic climate changes in the past decades.  While some changes may have been due to human activities, others can be attributed to natural processes.  Global warming is one of the most elaborate climate changes, which has led to the disruption of weather patterns across the globe (Church et al. 2016). There will be a highlight on solar radiation, biotic processes, volcanic eruptions and other trigger factors to climate change. Nonetheless, more emphasis will be placed on processes that lead to an increase in the level of greenhouses gasses. CGHs include methane, carbon dioxide, fluorinated gasses, and nitrous oxide. Nonetheless, Carbon dioxide is the most common type of greenhouse gas. Local pollution and increased carbon particles in the air tend to disrupt the global temperature. Environmental studies point out that carbon dioxide accounts for more than three-quarters of global warming impacts.

The threat of climate change can better be addressed by focusing on some of the ongoing efforts by both regional and global organization to address the issues. Since the 1960s, there has been a significant increase in human activities. The trend is evident in the setting of new industries, expansion in the transportations sector and the rising demand for settlement areas. The population growth levels have led to the clearing of forest thus reducing the ability to absorb greenhouse gasses. A similar case can be traced to the transport sector where there is a significant increase in the number of private cars. The situation is compounded by the fact that carbon-based fuels lead to global warming through the emission of carbon particles. It is essential to include these factors and trends in the paper as they would lead to a better understanding of global warming.

Climatic Trends Changes since the 1960s

The section offers a highlight of the trends in both human activities and natural processes and their impacts on global warming. There will be visual illustrations of the consistent increase in global warming over the years. The global annual atmospheric temperature has been increasing since the 1960s with the trend being linked to industrialization and expansion in human activities (Church et al. 2016). There will be an explanation of human-generated actions and naturally occurring incidences from the 1960s and the impacts they have had on climate changes.  There will be the use of climate variability indexes to determine the differences across years and regions. In most cases, climate changes are attributed to fluctuations in either the atmospheric pressure or ocean currents patterns. Contrary to the initial years, the rate of climate changes appears to be high thus indicating that there is growing pressure from human activities.

Moreover, it is important to offer a comparison of the climate changes before and after the 1960s. The analysis will offer a background for determining the factors that triggered the increase in global warming levels from the 1960s. Areas that will be covered include the level of industrialization, population growth levels, urbanization, and other human activities. While there has been a series of natural activities that have led to disruption in climate patterns during this period, it is worth noting that most of the trigger factors are linked to the human population. The role of human population in environmental degradation can be supported by focusing on the change in the urban population rate, the average population growth since the 1960s and other demographic factors. These figures would indicate that there is growing pressure on the limited natural resources thus leading to global warming and loss of biodiversity.

Prove that GHGs provided more energy than required

There will be an application of different data and trends to offer evidence that there is an emission of more than the required energy. Referring to both sea surface temperatures and global land temperatures will provide a highlight for the changes in the past years. Environment statistics point that from 1905 to 2005, there has been a 0.74 °C increase in the average global surface temperature. It is worth pointing out that most of the changes occurred from the 1950s. Under this section, there will be a presentation of the average surface temperature in each decade (Gosling et al. 2017). The depletion of the Ozone layers as a result of the high carbon particles implies that there is retention of more heat in the atmosphere. The high level of global temperature has led to the melting of the hemispheres.

The sharp variation in the temperature levels in the period after the 1960s as compared to earlier years indicates that there were significant changes in human activities. The section will also cover the changes in the sea level as a way of pointing out that there has been an increase in the global warming levels (Dai et al. 2013). There will be a reference to the northern hemisphere which has been seen to melt faster since the 1960s as compared to the earlier years.   The melting water contributes to the worrying increase in sea levels. Since the start of the 19^th century, scientists explain that the sea level has increased by 190 millimeters. Additionally, the section will evaluate some of the changes in the rainfall intensity over the past years.

While some areas are seen to receive a high amount of rainfall, it is worth noting that other areas are seen to receive scarce rain. It is this trend that leads to the flooding of some areas and desertification in other regions. Environmentalists argue that the prevalence of the trend may lead to food shortage and loss of biodiversity. However, the paper will offer some recommendation that can help reverse the trend. Examples include the shift from carbon-based fuels to greener energy sources, planting of more trees, regulating the extraction of natural resources and regulating human activities. Through increasing the environmental awareness levels, there are increased chances that the problems that come with climate change can be addressed.

Conclusion

The concluding part will offer a final view on the ongoing climatic changes, the trigger factors, the risks and the expected changes in the coming years. Moreover, there will also be a recommendation of some of the methods that can be used to counter the problems that come with climate change. More attention will be placed on human activities that lead to an increase in the level of GHGs. Many measures can be used to counter climate changes and global warming. Environmental awareness would make people conscious of the risks that come with environmental pollution thus contributing to environmental conservation efforts.

References

Church, S. P., Haigh, T., Widhalm, M., de Jalon, S. G., Babin, N., Carlton, J. S., … & Prokopy, L. S. (2016). Climate Risk Management.

Dai, A. (2013). Increasing drought under global warming in observations and models. Nature Climate Change, 3(1), 52.

Gosling, S. N., Zaherpour, J., Mount, N. J., Hattermann, F. F., Dankers, R., Arheimer, B., … & Kundu, D. (2017). A comparison of changes in river runoff from multiple global and catchment-scale hydrological models under global warming scenarios of 1 C, 2 C, and 3 C. Climatic Change, 141(3), 577-595.