Sexual violence is engaging someone else coercively in any sexual act despite the setting. As well it bears grave long term and short term consequences on the victims mental, physical, social and emotional status. This reading inquires about the underlying causes of sexual violence. Primarily, sexual abuse can be triggered by individual factors, peers and family factors as well as societal factors.

The individual factors are what mainly trigger sexual violence. First is a circumstance of a known victim. Most victims end up being familiar to the criminal. At times it is either a chance to destroy their life or either to get back at them(Breiding 2014). Secondly is a drug-facilitated act. For this matter, it involves one of the party being drunk either the victim or the harasser. Lastly is the psychological effect. With this, most of the harassers have certain anger towards the victim or are attracted by their way of dressing, or they are completely insane.

Another factor is family and peer influence. This is influenced by childhood environment (Levine, 2017). If by any chance a child was subjected to sexual abuse when he or she was young they are likely to develop a violent nature, grow up to be irresponsible and have a wrong concept on sexual issues. As well in a family that sees a man as superior, they hardly care of what they have done. This encourages them to harass women in society due to the fear of punishing men. At the time they end up being victims of their partners (Black et al.,). However, this cannot be addressed because of a man superiority

According to Society influenced factors, have a significant impact when it comes to sexual violence. Sexual violence happens more during wartime, women and many girls undergo injustice from either the opposing party or the armed criminals or even the soldiers who are expected to protect them(Leatherman, 2011). The lawlessness experienced during this period of war paves the way for impunity. Additionally, poverty is a societal factor for sexual violence (Wilson et, al. 2012). Most of the weak and less fortunate in the society are likely to face the injustice this is because they have no one to speak for them or the court process is quite expensive for them to comply.

Conclusion

The leading causes of sexual violence being an individual, family/peer and societal factors these causes need to be controlled. A few methods here and there are invented. For instance, Project Envision in New York that aims in assisting victims of sexual violence (Glenn et, al., 2018). Methods like school programmes that aim at preventing sexual violence (Altinyelken & Le Mat, 2018). Creating a platform that everyone whether rich or poor can access and get help in case of any assault. Laws and regulations with heavy punishment impended on anyone who is proven guilty of any sexual assault. Furthermore, pass the information on gender equality.

References

Altinyelken, H. K., & Le Mat, M. (2018). Sexual violence, schooling and silence: teacher narratives from a secondary school in Ethiopia. Compare: A Journal of Comparative & International Education, 48(4), 648–664. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057925.2017.1332517

Black, M. C., Basile, K. C., Breiding, M. J., Smith, S. G., Walters, M. L., Merrick, M. T., & Stevens, M. R. (2011). The intimate national partner and sexual violence survey: 2010 summary report. Atlanta, GA: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 19, 39-40.

Breiding, M. J. (2014). Prevalence and characteristics of sexual violence, stalking, and intimate partner violence victimization—National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey, United States, 2011. Morbidity and mortality weekly report — Surveillance summaries (Washington, DC: 2002), 63(8), 1.

Glenn, L., Fidler, L., O, C. M., Haviland, M., Fry, D., Pollak, T., & Frye, V. (2018). Retrospective evaluation of Project Envision: A community mobilization pilot program to prevent sexual violence in New York City. Evaluation & Program Planning, 66, 165–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2017.10.013

Jewkes, R., Sen, P., & Garcia-Moreno, C. (2002). Sexual violence.

Leatherman, J. (2011). Sexual violence and armed conflict. Polity.

Levine, E. (2017). Sexual Violence Among Middle School Students: The Effects of Gender and Dating Experience. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 32(14), 2059–2082. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260515590786

Jewkes, R., Sen, P., & Garcia-Moreno, C. (2002). Sexual violence.

Wilson, H. W., Woods, B. A., Emerson, E., & Donenberg, G. R. (2012). Patterns of violence exposure and sexual risk in low-income, urban African American girls. Psychology of violence, 2(2), 194.

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